Freiburger historische Bestände - digital

196

Cunningham Memoirs.

the posterior central or ascending parietal convolution we may distinguish
as the sulcus postcentralis inferior and the sulcus postcentralis superior. The
horizontal parietal portion we shall designate the ramus horizontalis ; whilst
the occipital part may be termed the ramus occipitalis. Ecker* gives to the
continuous fissure which so frequently results from the union of the two
vertical sulci the name of sulcus postcentralis. Mihalkovics,"]* on the
other hand, calls it the sulcus retrocentralis. To the ramus horizontalis
Ecker applies the term sulcus interparietalis, and to the ramus occipitalis
the name of sulcus occipitalis longitudinalis superior. The latter term is
very unwieldy, and does not sufficiently bring out the fact that the sulcus
in question is merely a factor, from both the ontogenetic and phylogenetic
points of view, of the intraparietal system. The term " interparietal " as
a synonym for the horizontal parietal limb is undoubtedly good, seeing that
this portion of the sulcus intervenes between the superior and inferior
parietal lobules, but it has the great disadvantage of being very similar to
the general name applied to the group of furrows which make up the whole
system. At the same time I am fully alive to the objection which may be
raised against the term which I propose to substitute for it, viz. that the
sulcus in question is very rarely exactly horizontal; in the great majority
of cases it is somewhat oblique in its direction.

I do not think that the retention of the term " intraparietal" as originally
proposed by Sir William Turner for the entire system of furrows
requires any defence. All its constituent parts lie within the limits of
the parietal lobe with perhaps the exception of the hinder end of the ramus
occipitalis ; and if we accept the limitations of the occipital lobe which
have been advocated by Eberstaller^ the entire length of even the ramus

* Ecker, " Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Eurchen und "Windungen der Grosshirn-
Hemispharen ira Foetus des Menschen ;" Arohiv fur Anthrop.; Dritte Band; Drittes und Yiertes
Heft, 1869.

f Entwicklungsgeschichte des Gehirns. Leipzig, 1867.

\ Zur Oberflachen-Anatomie der GrossL.im-Hemisph.aren; vorlaufige Mittheilung. n. Wiener
Medizinische Blatter, No. 18, Mai, 1884. In this article Eberstaller holds that the anterior
boundary of the occipital lobe is the sulcus transversus occipitalis of Ecker, which he believes to
be the representative of the " AfFenspalte " in the ape's brain.