Freiburger historische Bestände - digital

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Spanish Friar,
1345.

Laureullan Fortulanu,
1351.

Gabriel de Valsequa,
1439.

Bart. Paruto,
1455.

Carta de MercS,
Dec. 3, 1460.

Oinea Portu<?aleuse,
1485.

Martin Behaiin,
1492.

Modern Names.
1906.

Isla del lobo .
L de las cabras
I. del brazil

I. de Sint Jorge
La columbaria.
I. de la ventura

Isla de los conejos

Isla de los cuervos
marinos .

Ins. de Cabrera.
Ins. de brazi

f I. de ventura,
\ s. de colombis

i.)

I. de
marinis

e corvis'l
inis . . J

Y. de sparte .

quadrilla

Ylla de linferno.

Ylla de frydols .
Y. de osels .
Y. de......

Love .
Capraria .
I* de brazill

San Zorzo
Collonbi .
I. de ventura
Li Conieri
Corui marini

Santa Maria
Sam Miguell
Jesu Christo.
Ilha graciosa
Sam Jorge .

Sam Dims

Sam Luis

Sam Tomas .

Santa Eyrea

S. Mvla .
S. Mi*:hiel
Y. Tercera
Y. gracioxa
Y. 8. Jorie

pico .

Y. ofaial .

Ya dafflores

Y* del corvo

S. Maria .
S. Michel .
Jesu Christo.

Pico ....

Faial or New^
Flanders . . /

Flores .

S. Maria
S. Miguel
Terceira
Graciosa
S. Jorge

Pico

Fayal

Flores

Corvo

the Pigeon-cote, Venture Island, Coney and Cormorant
Islands.

Santa Eyria (Iria) is called Santa Anna by Soligo
(about 1480); whilst Faial on the map of modern Spain in
the edition of Ptolemy published at Ulm in 1482 is called
St. Andre'.

The names on Gabriel de Valsequa's map are probably
those given by Diogo de Sevilla.

The Colonization of the Azores.

The earliest settlers of the Azores were Portuguese
and their " captivos," that is, Moors and negroes kidnapped
on the coast of Africa. But Portugal was a small country,
the resources of which, in men and treasure, had been
wasted in unprofitable wars in Africa. The population
remained stationary, if it did not decrease, and the country,
which almost down to the close of the fourteenth century
had exported wheat, had become dependent for part of its
food supplies upon Flanders and Brabant.1 These commercial
relations with Lower Germany date back to the
twelfth century, when Crusaders2 from Flanders and the
Lower Rhine helped the Portuguese in their struggles
with the Moors. The Portuguese ever since 1385 had
their " borsa " (factory or inn) at Briigge. The relations
between the two countries became even closer when
D. Isabel, the daughter of King John I., married Philip
the Good of Burgundy,3 in 1429. Many Flemings had
settled in Portugal, and it is only natural that among those
who solicited privileges in the newly discovered countries
there should be compatriots of theirs.

1 See an anon.' Memoria para a hist, de agric. em Portugal'(' Mem. de
Litt. Port.,' II., 1792).

- Flemish Crusaders, in 1147, took part in the siege of Lisbon; in
1189 they captured Silvas, and in 1214 Crusaders led by William I. of
Holland and George von Wied took Alcacer do Sal.

3 When Philip died in 1467, his widow retired to a convent and died
there in 1469 ; Charles the Bold, their son, was born 1433, and fell at
Nancy 1477. Their granddaughter Maria married Maximilian, King of
the Romans, in 1477.

Flemish Colonists.

Most prominent among the Flemings connected with
the peopling of the Azores were Jacob of Brugge, Willem
van der Haghe and Josse van Hurter.

Jacob of Briigge—Jacomo de Bruges—had been
granted the captaincy of Jesu Christo or the ilha Terceira
on March 3, 1450. His experiences were disappointing,
and when he died D. Brites, the widow of D. Fernando,
Duke of Vizeu, in 1474, transferred the captaincy to
Joao Vaz Cortereal,* the father of Gaspar, one of the
earliest visitors, if not the discoverer, of Newfoundland,
and Alvaro Martins Homen,6 the one settling at the
Angra, the other at a villa da Praia. Another Fleming,
Fernao Dulmo or Ferd. van Olm, a cavalier of the
Royal Household, is mentioned as one of the captains
of Terceira, who had established himself on the north
coast of that island, at the Riveiro dos Flamengos. It
was he who in 1486 jointly with Joao Affonso do Estreito
proposed to fit out an expedition for the discovery of the
island of the Sette cidades.6

Willem van der Haghe, whose name the Portuguese
perverted into Vandaraga, whilst he himself had translated
it as Guilherme da Silveira, first settled on S. Jorge, and
having vainly tried his fortune in other islands, including
Corvo and Flores, where he appeared as the representative
of D. Maria de Vilhena,7 returned in the end to S. Jorge,
and became the founder of one of the wealthiest families
in the Azores. His son, Francisco, married Isabel de

4 On this family see E. do Canto, ' os Corte Reaes' (Ponta Delgado,
1883) and ' Archivo dos Acores,' I., 155, 443; H. Harrisse, 'Les Corte
Real et leurs voyages,' Paris, 1883. Joao Vaz died 1496.

6 The letters patent are published in Drummond's ' Annaes da ilha
Terceira,' 1800-1, and in the ' Arch, des Acores,' IV., 159.

• 1 Alguns documentor,' p. 58.

7 This lady, in 1473, was aia (governess) and Mistress of the Robes of
D. Lianor, the sister of King Manuel and wife of John II. Her father
was Martin Affonso de Mello, Governor of Olivenca, her mother D.
Margarita de Vilhena (A. Braancamp Freire, ' Livro dos brasoes,' I., 25 ;
A. C. de 8ousa, III., 142).